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End of International USAR operations

Concluding International USAR Operations​

Establishing clear criteria is essential for determining when to conclude international USAR operations. Specific indicators may include the number of individuals still in immediate danger, the availability of necessary resources to sustain ongoing rescue operations, and the stabilisation of critical infrastructure and services. Furthermore, implementing a phase-out timeline based on historical data and situational analysis can help outline expected durations for the internationally supported rescue phase, providing a structured approach to decision-making.

Key aspects to consider when declaring the end of international search and rescue operations:

  • Time elapsed since the last live rescue
  • Number of individuals still in immediate danger or missing
  • Likelihood of survival of potential victims, based on time, collapse patterns and weather conditions
  • Availability of local and national resources to sustain further operations
  • Coordination with national and local authorities on transitioning responsibilities
  • Psychological and social impact on affected communities and responders
  • Preparation of a press statement
  • Concluding USAR operations is a policy decision

The international USAR teams may begin the demobilisation process from the affected country once that country declares the end of international rescue assistance or when the international team’s days of commitment to the deployment have been reached. The teams must update the VOSOCC and ICMS and coordinate with the affected country through the UCC and RDC to submit their demobilisation plans.

Stages for the End of International Operations​

Each country should establish clear operational stages, including the point at which international support is no longer needed. At this juncture, the host nation should formally declare the end of international operations. The HNS Plan should also encompass actions related to the conclusion of operations and the exit strategy. This phase involves the handover of responsibilities, logistical support during demobilisation, and the facilitation of customs procedures to ensure a smooth departure from the country.

Demobilisation of Teams​

The demobilisation phase is when international USAR Teams cease operations and commence withdrawal. They coordinate their departure through the UCC/OSOCC, depart from the affected country through the RDC, and travel to their home country.

The post-mission debriefing should occur promptly after a USAR team's return home or once the critical phase has concluded for the affected country, ensuring that the details remain fresh in everyone's minds. Post-mission debriefings are essential for assessing the effectiveness of an operation and fostering continuous improvement for future missions. The objectives of the post-mission debriefing are:

  • Performance Evaluation: Assess the team's performance, strategies used, and overall mission execution
  • Key Takeaways: Highlight successful strategies and identify areas for improvement
  • Personal Experience: Share personal experiences and provide emotional closure
  • Enhance Preparedness: Provide insights to improve future training, equipment, and operational procedures

Cooperation in Addressing Broader Humanitarian Needs Beyond Immediate Search and Rescue​

The USAR teams, while primarily focused on immediate search and rescue operations, can extend their cooperation to assist broader humanitarian needs in various ways. By broadening their cooperation beyond immediate search and rescue operations, USAR teams can play a pivotal role in meeting wider humanitarian needs and ensure a more holistic and effective response to disasters. This collaborative approach enhances the impact of their efforts and contributes to the resilience and recovery of affected communities.